Health impact assessment

Z TSENZ
(Presmerované z HIA)
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Slovak term: Slovenský termín
  1. A combination of procedures, methods and tools that systematically judges the potential, and sometimes unintended, effects of a policy, plan, programme or project on the health of a population and the distribution of those effects within the population. HIA identifies appropriate actions to manage those effects (IAIA/WHO 2006, accessed January 2008).
  2. The above definition is an update of the 1999 WHO definition: "combination of procedures, methods and tools by which a policy, programme or project may be judged as to its potential effects on the health of a population, and the distribution of those effects within the population (WHO 1999).
  3. See also: impact assessment

Explanation

Attributes of HIA:

  • HIA is a predictive planning tool to integrate health considerations into the planning and implementation of development.
  • As a consequence, the timing of the components making up an HIA is critical in the context of the policy formulation process or the project cycle.
  • A complete HIA consists of an assessment with conclusions and recommendations, and a public health management plan for the implementation of health safeguards, mitigating measures and health promotion.
  • HIA is a participatory activity requiring the involvement of all stakeholders, including affected local communities.
  • HIA is intersectoral by nature and requires effective collaboration between all relevant sectors.

Rationale for HIA:

  • HIA is sound economics (no transfer of hidden costs of development to the health sector).
  • HIA helps identify and protect vulnerable groups (the equity principle).
  • HIA is about risks and opportunities/HIA translates into health protection and health promotion).
  • HIA fits in a larger frame of good governance and best planning practice (WHO 2009).

References

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